Crops
Lupinus angustifolius L. - Narrow-leafed lupin
Biology and morphology.
Annual grassy plant until it reaches 1.5 m height. Taprooted, branching system, length 15-200 cm. Stem straight, weak pubescence, deep green, green or light green, sometimes with anthocyanins. Branching from axils of lower leaves; branches grow near main stem. Leaves are palmate, consist of 7-9 linear-lanceolate, grooved leaflets, 2.5-5.2 cm length, 0.5-0.9 cm width with crowded pubescence on lower surface. Stipules subulate, turned back, green or violet. Inflorescence small, limited flowering, with alternate flowers on short peduncules, jointed in terminal raceme. Corolla plain, without smell, of varying colors (blue, pink, light violet and white; usually blue). Pods well-filled, with 4-6 seeds. Seeds are rounded. Coloring ranges from black with light spots to white or light cream. Weight of 100 seeds 145-200 g. Very polymorphous species. Color variability is typical.Distribution.
Wild plant grows in Mediterranean. First sowing in Russia was in 1903. Cultivated as far north as 58? of northern latitude. Grown as a green manure as far north as 60° latitude. Planting occurs in Ukraine, Belarussia, and the Baltic States; in Russia mainly in Nechernozem zone.Ecology.
Plant requires long days. More resistant than other lupins to cold; in the beginning of vegetation, bear frost up to -7° C. Water-resistant plant. Prefers light loamy and sandy-loam soil. Optimal pH 5-6. Vegetation period depends on methods, year and place of cultivation (72-170 days). Mainly self-pollinated.Economic value.
Feed crop. Seeds contain 32-34% protein and up to 2% bitter alkaloids. Productivity of forage is 25-40 ton per hectare, seeds up to 2.7 ton per hectare. Used also as medicinal plant, source of vitamines, insecticide, and green manure. Varieties: Benjakonskij 484, Brjanskij 123, Nemchinovskij, Danko, Ladnyi, Rozovyi 399, Uzkolistnyi 109.Literature.
Iglovikov, V.G., B.P. Mikhajlichenko. 1994. Hand-book of forage production. Part 2. Moscow,p. 35 (in Russian).Korenev G.V., Podgornyi P.I., Zhcherbak S.N. Plant Growing with Basics of Selection and Seed Growing. Moscow: Agropromizdat, 1990. 574 p. (in Russian).
Kuptsov A.I. Introduction in geography of cultural plants. Moscow: Nauka, 1975. 296 p. (in Russian).
Kurlovitch,B.S., Repiev, SI. 1995. Genofund and selection of leguminous plants (lupine, vetch, soya, string-bean) // Theoretical basis of selection. Vol 3. St. Petersburg, 432 p. (in Russian).
Kurlovich, S. 2002. Lupins (geography, classification, genetic resources and breeding). St.Petersburg (in Russian)
Majsurian N.A., Atabekova A.I. Lupine. Moscow: Kolos, 1974. 464 p(in Russian).
Zhukovskij P.M. Cultural plants and their relatives. Leningrad: Kolos, 1971, 751 p.