Diseases
Area and zones of severity of Cercospora beticola Sacc.
Object description Download GIS-layers
Authors:
Object specialist L.B. Khlopunova, GIS-specialist M.I. Saulich.Date of creation:
20.09.2004.Scale:
1:20 000 000.Accuracy of map:
Map was created based on a map of the scale 1:33 000 000.Projection:
"Equal Albers.a for the USSR", 9, 1001, 7, 100, 0, 44, 68, 0, 0.Basic contents:
Vector map. Area of species distribution and zones of disease severity are shown by polygons.Accuracy of classifier:
Within the disease distribution area there were two zones of disease severity determined. There were zones of moderate (26-50%) and high incidence (51% to 100% of plants affected by C. beticola) outlined within the area of industrial cultivation of sugar beet (Pozhar, 1986).Method of map production:
Scientists were given maps with boundaries of Oblasts and arable lands. After reviewing historic literature, species distribution was hand drawn on maps. If data were on the Oblast-level, distribution is on the Oblast level. In some cases, Oblast.s are further refined by boundaries of the Arable Land Map (Koroljeva et al., 2003). Hand drawn maps were scanned, georeferenced and vectorized. According to the following sources the borders of the zone of high severity (70-100% or 3rd point) were presented in the Krasnodar and Stavropol Territories, Kyrgyzstan, and Kazakhstan: Salunskaya (1959), Pozar (1963), Rakhimbekova (1975), Zhorzhesko (1985). The zone of moderate severity (2nd point) was presented in western beet-growing areas of Ukraine, in Latvia, Lithuania. According to the following sources the zone of low severity (0.1-1 point) was presented in eastern areas of Ukraine, in Central Black Earth areas of Russia, in the Volga River region, in Byelorussia, Moldova, and Siberia: Salunskaya (1959), Pozhar (1963), Popova (1968, 1969).Reference citations:
Amanzholov A.A. 1980. Fungal diseases of seed sugar beet in Kazakhstan and their control. PhD Thesis. Alma-Ata: KazakhSKHI. 18 p. (In Russian)Gorlenko M.V. 1980. Phytopathology. Leningrad: Kolos. 318 p. (In Russian)
Koroljeva IE, Vilchevskaya EV, Ruhovich DI. 2003. Digital Arable Land Map. Laboratory of Soil Information of the Dokuchaev Soil Institute, Moscow, Russia [Based on: Yanvareva LF. (ed.), Martynjuk KN., Kisileva NM. 1989. Map of Land Use, Faculty of Geography, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.].
Popova I.V. 1968. Diseases of sugar beet. In: Polyakov I.Ya., ed. Distribution of pests and diseases of grown crops in the USSR in 1967 and the forecast of their appearance in 1968. Moscow: Rossel.khozizdat. 94-96 p. (In Russian)
Popova I.V. 1969. Diseases of sugar beet. In: Polyakov I.Ya., Chumakov A.E., eds. Distribution of pests and diseases in agricultural crops in the RSFSR in 1968 and the forecast of their appearance in 1969. Leningrad: VIZR. 116-119 p. (In Russian)
Pozhar Z.A. 1963. Diseases of sugar beet. In: Polyakov I.Ya., Chumakov A.E., eds. Distribution of pests and diseases in agricultural crops in the USSR in 1962 and the forecast of their appearance in 1963. Leningrad: VIZR. 218-225 p. (In Russian)
Pozhar Z.A., ed. 1986. Methods of account of diseases and pests of sugar beet and its seed crops. In: Zubenko V.F., ed. Technique of researches on sugar beet. Kiev: VNIS. 71-80 p. (In Russian)
Rakhimbekova A.K. 1975. Features of development of Club Root of Sugar Beet in Kazakhstan. In: Zubenko V.F., ed. Effective methods of sugar beet protection from diseases at industrial technology of its cultivation. Kiev: VNIS. 156-160 p. (In Russian)
Salunskaya N.I. 1959. Cercospora Leaf Spot. In: Savchenko E.N., ed. Beet growing. Kiev: VNIS. 413-431 p. (In Rus sian)
Zhorzhesko G.G. 1985. Features of development of Club Root of Sugar Beet in Krasnodar Territory. In: Zubenko V.F., ed. Effective methods of sugar beet protection from diseases at industrial technology of its cultivation. Kiev: VNIS. 11-17 p. (In Russian)