Diseases
Area and disease severity zones of Phoma lingam (Tode) Desm.
Object description Download GIS-layers
Authors:
Object specialist L.B. Khlopunova,GIS-specialist M.I. Saulich.
Date of creation:
02.09.2004.Scale:
1:20 000 000.Accuracy of map:
Created based on the map with scale 1:33 000 000.Projection:
"Equal Albers.a for the USSR", 9, 1001, 7, 100, 0, 44, 68, 0, 0.Basic contents:
Vector map. Area of species distribution and zones of disease severity are shown by polygons.Accuracy of classifier:
Within the general distribution area two zones of damage were presented based on the literature of Chumakov & Zakharova (1990). The zone of moderate damage represents areas where 11-25% of plants are infected with Phomosis. In the zone of high damage 26-100% of plants are infected with Phomosis.Method of map production:
Scientists were given maps with boundaries of Oblasts and arable lands. After reviewing historic literature, species distribution was hand drawn on maps. If data were on the Oblast-level, distribution is on the Oblast level. In some cases, Oblast.s are further refined by boundaries of the Arable Land Map (Koroljeva et al., 2003). Hand drawn maps were scanned, georeferenced and vectorized. The severity zones were mainly determined according to Chumakov & Zakharova (1990). The borders of the zone of high severity in the Far East, the Caucasus, and Krasnodar Territory were adjusted according to the following sources: Sal.nikova (1952), Kvashnina (1935), Rozhdestvenskii (1940). Moderate severity of the disease was reported in the Ukraine, Byelorussia, Moldavia, and NW region according to the following sources: Mikhal.chuk (1984), Peresypkin (1969), Ruzinov (1953). Low disease severity was reported in Georgia, Voronezh, Samara, Sverdlovsk Regions, and Chuvashia according to Dolidze (1980) and Osnitskaya (1969).Reference citations:
Bilai V.I., ed. 1988. Microorganisms . agents of plant diseases. Kiev: Naukova dumka. 550 p. (In Russian)Chumakov A.E., Zakharova T.I. 1990. Harmfulness of cultural plants diseases. Moscow: Agropromizdat. 127 p. (In Russian)
Dolidze M.I., Meladze E.I. 1980. Cabbage diseases in Eastern Georgia. Materials of the Transcaucasian coordination meeting on plant protection; 1980 May 15-16; Tbilisi. 62-63 p. (In Russian)
Koroljeva IE, Vilchevskaya EV, Ruhovich DI. 2003. Digital Arable Land Map. Laboratory of Soil Information of the Dokuchaev Soil Institute, Moscow, Russia [Based on: Yanvareva LF. (ed.), Martynjuk KN., Kisileva NM. 1989. Map of Land Use, Faculty of Geography, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.].
Kvashnina E., Andreev N. 1935. Threat to yield of cabbage from Phomosis. Na zashchitu urozhaya (OGIZ-Sel.khozgiz, VIZR), 3: 20-22. (In Russian)
Mikhal.chuk N.V. 1984. Phomosis of Cabbage. Kartofel. i ovoshchi, 3: 26. (In Russian)
Osnitskaya E.A. 1969. Diseases of vegetables. Pests and diseases distribution on agricultural crops in RSFSR in 1968 and the forecast of their appearance in 1969. Moscow: Rosselkhozizdat. 137-144 p. (In Russian)
Peresypkin V.F. 1969. Agricultural Phytopathology. Moscow: Kolos. 479 p. (In Russian)
Sal.nikova A.F. 1952. Phomosis of Cabbage in conditions of the Far East and its control. PhD Thesis. Omsk. (In Russian)