Diseases
Area and zone of severity of Cladosporium fulvum Cooke
Object description Download GIS-layers
Authors:
Object specialist L.B. Khlopunova,GIS-specialist M.I. Saulich.
Date of creation:
09.03.2005Scale:
1:20 000 000.Accuracy of map:
Map was created based on a map of the scale 1: 33 000 000.Projection:
Alber's Equal Area Conic for Russia, 9, 1001, 7, 100, 0, 44, 68, 0, 0.Basic contents:
Vector map. Area of species distribution and zones of disease severity are shown by polygons.Accuracy of classifier:
Within the disease area a zone of high severity (more than 50% of tomato plants affected by C. fulvum, and disease development of 25 to 100%) was outlined. The zone was determined according to a method described by Kuznetsov (1979).Method of map production:
Scientists were given maps with boundaries of Oblasts and arable lands. After reviewing historic literature, species distribution was hand drawn on maps. If data were on the Oblast-level, distribution is on the Oblast level. In some cases, Oblast.s are further refined by boundaries of the Arable Land Map (Koroljeva et al., 2003). Hand drawn maps were scanned, georeferenced and vectorized. The zone of high severity, where the disease occurrence reaches 50-100%, its development 25 to 100%, and yield reduction 25-51%, was determined according to the following references: Parfilova (1949) Poliksenova (1975), Kuznetsov (1979), Tagirova (1974), Aramov (1989), Osnitskaya (1968, 1969, 1970, 1971), Maglakelidze (1979), Musaev (1975). In Russia this area includes areas of Western Siberia, Krasnoyarsk Territory and Sakhalin, Kaliningrad, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Nizhnii Novgorod Regions, and the Northern Caucasus (Krasnodar Territory, Kabardino-Balkaria, Chechnya and Ingushetia. In addition, strong severity is reported on tomatoes in the Ukraine (Lviv Region), Byelorussia, Moldova, Georgia, Azerbaijan and Uzbekistan.Reference citations:
Aramov A. 1989. Cladosporiosis of tomatoes in the south of Uzbekistan. Sel.skoe khozyaistvo Uzbekistana, 10: 27-28. (In Russian)Koroljeva IE, Vilchevskaya EV, Ruhovich DI. 2003. Digital Arable Land Map. Laboratory of Soil Information of the Dokuchaev Soil Institute, Moscow, Russia [Based on: Yanvareva LF. (ed.), Martynjuk KN., Kisileva NM. 1989. Map of Land Use, Faculty of Geography, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.].
Kuznetsov N.N. 1979. Cladosporiosis on tomatoes on Sakhalin. Zashchita rastenii, 3: 30. (In Russian)
Maglakelidze A.I. 1979. Cladosporiosis on tomatoes in open ground. Kartofel. i ovoshchi, 8: 40.
Musaev T.S. 1975. Affection of tomato cultivars by Cladosporiosis, its severity and control measures. In: Zaprometova N.G., Karimova M.A., eds. Proceedings of Tashkent SKHI, Issue 36. Tashkent: Tashkent SKHI. 89-93 p. (In Russian)
Osnitskaya E.A. 1968. Diseases of vegetables. In: Polyakov I.Ya., Chumakov A.E., eds. Pests and diseases distribution on agricultural crops in RSFSR in 1967 and the forecast of their appearance in 1968. Moscow: Rosselkhozizdat. 120-125 p. (In Russian)
Osnitskaya E.A. 1969. Diseases of vegetables. In: Polyakov I.Ya., Chumakov A.E., eds. Pests and diseases distribution on agricultural crops in RSFSR in 1968 and the forecast of their appearance in 1969. Moscow: Rosselkhozizdat. 137-144 p. (In Russian)
Osnitskaya E.A. 1970. Diseases of vegetables. In: Polyakov I.Ya., Minkevich I.I., eds. Pests and diseases distribution on agricultural crops in RSFSR in 1969 and the forecast of their appearance in 1970. Moscow: MSKH RSFSR, VIZR: 252-263. (In Russian)
Osnitskaya E.A. 1971. Diseases of vegetables. In: Polyakov I.Ya., Minkevich I.I., eds. Pests and diseases distribution on agricultural crops in RSFSR in 1970 and the forecast of their appearance in 1971. Moscow: MSKH RSFSR, VIZR. 187-198 p. (In Russian)
Parfilova M.E. 1949. Study of diseases of tomatoes in conditions of Lviv Region. In: Tret.yakova V.F., ed. Scientific notes. V. 2. Lviv: Lviv SKHI. 101-115 p. (In Russian)
Poliksenova V.D. 1975. Racial structure of Cladosporium fulvum in Byelorussia. In: Ambrosov A.L., ed. Materials of republican conference on plant protection, pod red. Minsk. 28-29 p. (In Russian)
Tagirova V.A. 1974. Some biological of features of Cladosporium agent on tomatoes. In: Kogan Sh.I., ed. Fifth conference on sporous plants of Central Asia and Kazakhstan. Part. 2. Ashkhabad. 350-351 p. (In Russian)