Diseases
Area of distribution and severity of Xanthomonas campestris pv.vesicatoria (Doide) Dye.
Object description Download GIS-layers
Authors:
Object specialists - A.M. Lazarev,GIS-specialist M.I. Saulich.
Date of creation:
19.01.2007.Scale:
1:20 000 000.Accuracy of map:
It is created on information taken from the open published literature and maps of scale 1: 33 000 000.Projection:
"Alber's Equal Area Conic for the USSR", 9, 1001, 7, 100, 0, 44, 68, 0, 0.Basic content:
Vector map consists of two thematic layers describing a zone of distribution of the bacteriosis and a zone of high severity of the disease on tomato.Accuracy of the classifier:
The area represents the disease distribution where the Black Bacterial Spot of Tomato has been revealed according to scientific publications. The zone of high disease severity is determined in those regions where epiphitotics arise sporadically and affection of seedlings and plants may reach 20%.Method of map production:
The map is compiled by results of the analysis of the open published materials. Wide distribution of the tomato disease is shown on the map in all territories of the former USSR (Gorlenko & Voronkevich, 1950; Avedzhanova, 1968; Butsenets, 1971; Kvasnikov & Bogdanov, 1975; Knyazeva, 1985; Bilai et al., 1988; Bykova, 1992; Pavlyushin, 1999, 2003), including Georgia (Tsilosani et al., 1975; Oragvelidze, 1976; Oragvelidze & Tsilosani, 1977), Kazakhstan (Nikitina & Lapukhina,1961; Firsov,1980), Belarus (Komarova & Korunets, 1997; Poliksenova, 2001; Prishchepa & Pevets, 2004), Moldova (Guseva & Alturkhanov, 1985, 1990), Ukraine (Matyshevskaya, 1961, 1962; Kabashnaya & Shaban, 1989; Gvozdyak et al., 2005). The zone of high disease severity is distinguished, including Krasnodar and Altai Territories, Republic of Altai, Leningrad, Chita, Omsk, Astrakhan, Volgograd, Rostov, Novosibirsk, Kemerovo Regions, Kazakhstan and Belarus, where this bacteriosis arises sporadically, and more than 20% of tomato plants may be attacked (Nikitina & Lapukhina, 1961; Butsenets, 1971; Kvasnikov & Bogdanov, 1975; Firsov, 1980; Bykova, 1992; Komarova & Korunets, 1997; Poliksenova, 2001; Prishchepa & Pevets, 2004). Specification of the area and disease severity zone borders configuration is executed according with the map of tomato distribution, proposed by N.V. Terekhina (2004).Sources of the data:
Avedzhanova G.P. 1968. Black Bacterial Spot of tomatoes. In: Beltukova K.I, ed. Works of the First All-Union Symposium on bacterial diseases of plants. Kiev: Naukova dumka, p. 326-329 (in Russian).Bilai V.I., Gvozdyak R.I., Kraev V.G., Ellanskaya I.A., Zirka T.I. & Muras V.A. 1988. Microorganisms are the pathogens of diseases of plants. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 552 p. (in Russian).
Butsenets L. 1971. Black Bacterial Spot of tomatoes. Kartofel i ovoshchi 2: 41 (in Russian).
Bykova G.A. 1992. Biological basis of tomato protection from bacterioses in protected ground of the North West zone of the Russian Federation. PhD Thesis. St. Petersburg: VIZR, 18 p. (in Russian).
Firsov V.F. 1980. Stimulation of tomatoes against Black Bacterial Spot. Ecology of pests and diseases of plants in Kazakhstan and measures of their control. In: Kostin I.A., ed. Thematic collection of proceedings. Alma-Ata: Ministerstvo selskogo khozyaistva SSSR, p. 86-89 (in Russian).
Gorlenko M.V. & Voronkevich I. B. 1950. Black Bacterial Spot of tomatoes. In: Mosolov V.P., ed. Reports of VASKHNIL, V. 3. Moscow: Ministerstvo selskogo khozyaistva USSR, p. 24-29 (in Russian).
Gvozdyak R.I., Yakovleva L.M., Chernenko E.P. & Moroz S.M. 2005. Relations between tomato bacterial diseases pathogens. In: Podgorskii V.S., ed. Phytopathogenic bacteria. Phytoncidology. Allelopathy. Collection of articles of participants of the International Scientific Conference. Kiev: Gosudarstvennyi agroekologicheskii universitet, p.118-122 (in Ukrainian).
Guseva L.I. & Atlukhanov A.M. 1985. Black Bacterial Spot of tomatoes in Moldova. In: Gvozdyak R.I., ed. Bacterial diseases of plants (abstracts of reports). Part 2. Kiev: Naukova dumka, p. 62-63 (in Russian).
Guseva L.I. & Atlukhanov A.M. 1990. Feature of selection of tomato on resistance to black bacterial rot. In: Gvozdyak R.I., ed. Phytoncides. Bacterial diseases of plants. Materials of conference. Part 2. Kiev & Lvov: KGT-2, p. 74 (in Russian).
Kabashnaya L.V. & Shaban M.A. 1989. Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato and Xanthomonas campestris pv.vesicatoria . pathogens of bacterioses of tomatoes in Ukraine. In: Smirnov V.V., ed. Abstracts of Reports of VII Congress of the Ukrainian microbiological society. Part 2. Kiev: Naukova dumka, p. 12-13 (in Russian).
Knyazeva Z.V. 1985. About severity of Black Bacterial Spot of tomato. In: Gvozdyak R.I., ed. Phytoncides. Bacterial diseases of plants (abstracts of reports). Part 2. Kiev: Naukova dumka, p. 67 (in Russian).
Komarova M.S. & Korunets I.V. 1997. Biological means for struggle against bacterioses of tomatoes. Zashchita i karantin rastenii 4: 27 (in Russian).
Kvasnikov B. & Bogdanova G. 1975. Resistance of tomato cultivars to Black Bacterial Spot. Kartofel i ovoshi 6: 38-39 (in Russian).
Matyshevskaya M.S., 1961. Biology of agent of Black Bacterial Spot of tomatoes. I. Growth and formation of toxin of Xanthomonas vesicatoria on some nutrient media. In: Aizenman B.Ya., ed. Mikrobiologicheskii zhurnal 23 (6): 27-31 (in Ukrainian).
Matyshevskaya M.S., 1962. Biology of agent of Black Bacterial Spot of tomatoes. II. Effect of the filtrate of X. vesicatoria culture on the intensity of respiration and some oxidizing enzymes of tomato sprouts. In: Aizenman, B. Ya., ed. Mikrobiologicheskii zhurnal 24 (1): 25-30 ( in Ukrainian).
Nikitina E.T. & Lapukhina G.P. 1961. Pathogen of Black Bacterial Spot of tomatoes in agricultural farms of the Alma-Ata suburban zone. In: Balitskaya A.K., ed. Works of Institute of microbiology and virology. V.4. Alma-Ata: AN Kazakh SSR, p. 140-145 (in Russian).
Oragvelidze L.D. 1976. Influence of external factors on development of the pathogen of Black Spot of tomato Xanthomonas vesicatoria (Doidge) Dowson. In: Kanchaveli L., ed. Works of NIIZR of Georgian SSR. V. 28. Tbilisi: Anonym publ., p. 28-30 (in Georgian).
Oragvelidze L.D. & Tsilosani G.A. 1977. Resistance of cultivars and specialization of the pathogen of bacteriosis of tomato. In: Vasilyan V.V., ed. Abstracts of eighth session of the Transcaucasian board on coordination of research works on plant protection, 14-16 Dec. 1977. Yerevan: Zakavkazskoe otdelenie VASKHNIL, p. 177-178 (in Russian).
Pavlyushin V.A., ed. 2003. Methodical recommendations on studying bacterial diseases of tomato and measures of their control. St. Petersburg: VIZR, 29 p. (in Russian).
Pavlyushin V.A. & Makarov A.A., eds. 1999. Bacterial diseases of tomato and potato and measures of their control (methodical recommendations). St. Petersburg: VIZR, 30 p. (in Russian).
Poliksenova V.D. 2001. Retrospective review of tomato diseases in Belarus and perspective of phytopathological situation development. In: Soroka S.V., ed. Plant Protection on the Boundary of XXI century. Book of Abstracts of Scientific and Practical Conference (to the 30th anniversary of BelSRIPP). Minsk & Priluki: Belbiznesspress, p. 225-228 (in Russian).
Prishchepa L.I. & Pevets N.V. 2004. Bacterial diseases of tomato in conditions of closed ground in Belarus. Zashchita rastenii 4: 25-26 (in Russian).
Terekhina N.V. 2004. Area of tomato (Lycopersicon lycopersicum L.). www.agroatlas.spb.ru .
Tsilosani G.A., Oragvelidze L.D., Eliashvili P.K. & Chubushvili L.N. 1975. Black Bacterial Spot of tomatoes in Georgia. In: Mamedova S.R., ed. Materials of the seventh session of the Transcaucasian board on coordination of research works on plant protection. Kirovabad: Zakavkazskoe otdelenie VASKHNIL, p. 34-36 (in Russian).