Diseases
Distribution and disease severity of black ear of wheat [Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissl., Cladosporium herbarum (Pers.) Link., Epicoccum purpurascens Ehrenb., Botrytis cinerea Pers.]
Object description Download GIS-layers
Authors:
Biologist - E.I. GultyaevaGIS-specialist - M.I. Saulich.
Date of creation:
12.11.2003.Scale:
1:20,000,000.Accuracy of map:
Created using maps of natural scale 1: 40,000,000.Projection:
"Alber's Equal Area Conic for the USSR" 9, 1001, 7, 100, 0, 44, 68, 0, 0.Basic contents:
Vector map consisting of two themes characterizing distribution of Black Ear and relative disease severity in wheat-growing areas.Accuracy of classifier:
The distribution and disease severity zones of Black Ear Disease of wheat were allocated by the results of the analysis of open published materials. Zones of disease severity were determined by an analysis of the phytosanitary situation in the Russian Federation based on published materials (Sanin, 1999, 2000); (Zakharenko et al., 2000). Geographic boundaries of disease distribution are based on winter and spring wheat growing regions composed by Koroleva et al. (2003).Method of map production:
Published literature was reviewed, including Atlases, monographs and papers. Occurrence data were obtained from herbarium specimens, floras, monographs and papers. Data were then compiled through scanning and geo-referencing to develop a composite vector map. The biologist together with the GIS specialist drew a composite disease distribution area based on compiled data.Reference citations:
Ishkova T.I., Berestetskaya L.I., Gasich E.V., Vlasov D.Y. 2001. Methodical instruction for diagnostics of major cereal fungal diseases. St. Petersburg: VIZR. 22-24 pp. (in Russian).Koroljeva I.E., Vilchevsky E.V., and Rukhovich D.I. (2003). Digital Arable Land Map. Laboratory of Soil Information of the Dokuchaev Soil Institute, Moscow.
Novozhilov K.V., Zacharenko V.A., eds. 2000. Levels and tendencies of variability of species composition and intrapopulation structure, areas of complexes of harmful and useful organisms and forecast of dangerous phytosanitary situations on zones of the country. St. Petersburg: VIZR. 100 pp. (in Russian).
Peresypkin V.F. 1989. Agricultural Plant Pathology. Moscow: Agropromizdat. 480 pp. (in Russian).
Sanin S.A. 2000. To increase the level of phytosanitary safety of the country. Zashchita rastenii i karantin 12: 3-7. (in Russian).
Sanin S.S., Nazarova L.N., Sokolova E.A., Ibragimov T.S. 1999. Health of cereals field. Zashchita i karantin rastenii 2: 28-31. (in Russian).