Pests
Area of distribution and damage of Delia antiqua (Meigen).
Object description Download GIS-layers
Authors:
Object specialists I.Ya.Grichanov & E.I.Ovsyannikova, GIS-specialist M.I.Saulich.Date of creation:
12.05.2004.Scale:
1:20 000 000.Accuracy of map:
Map was created based on information taken from open-published literature and maps of scale 1: 33 000 000 - 1:38 000 000Projection:
"Alber's Equal Area Conic for the USSR", 9, 1001, 7, 100, 0, 44, 68, 0, 0.Basic content:
Vector map consisting of 2 layers. Area and zone of damage are shown by polygons.Accuracy of the classifier:
Plant protection against the Onion Fly is practically annually necessary in the entire territory of onion farming (Shtakel.berg, 1949; Zalene, 1962; Strazdinya A.A., 1964; Bogacheva, 1965; Kharchenko et al., 1975; El.berg, 1981), therefore the zone of moderate damage was allocated within the limits of the pest area in the territory of the former USSR, where onion crops have economic value. The pest number in the zone usually exceeds economic threshold, i.e., 5-8 imagoes per 10 net sweeps or 3 eggs per plant at 25% of populated plants in the onion growth phase (Tanskii, 1985). The insect damage may grow to a high degree if the crops are not protected. In southern regions (the Northern Caucasus, Transcaucasia, Central Asia) the necessary conditions of damage are superfluous humidification, for example, with irrigated agriculture or abundant precipitations during the vegetation period (Kireev et al., 1980; Berdysh et al., 1994).Procedure of map drawing:
The map was compiled according to results of the analysis of open published cartographical materials and literature. A chart of D. radicum distribution by Hill (1978) does not reflect the real distribution of the insect in the former USSR, and it has been rejected. The area of the Onion Fly distribution in the European part was drawn north to forest-tundra inclusive (Barysheva et al., 1992) based on species distribution data (Turaev & Sokolova, 1975; Isaev, 1932; Kalandadze & Shavkatsishvili, 1960; Strazdinya, 1961; Zalene, 1962; Znamenskaya, 1962; Rogochaya, 1974; Kharchenko, 1975, El.berg, 1981; Kharin, 1984; Dely-Draskovits, 1993). In Siberia and the Far East the northern border of area was extrapolated and drawn along border of tundra (mountain tundra) and taiga zones; the border has high biogeographical value (Gorodkov, 1992) and corresponds to literature data on the species distribution (Turaev & Sokolova, 1957; Mishchenko, 1957; Galakhov, 1958; Gusev, 1959; Bogacheva, 1964; Dzholova, 1965); the Magadan Region was included according to Savenkov (1944). The southern border of the area coincides with southern border of the former USSR according to data of authors of the applied literature (Shtakel.berg, 1949; Kalandadze & Shavkatsishvili, 1960; Bundzhe, 1965; Barysheva etc., 1992); deserts of Central Asia and Kazakhstan were excluded from the area in correspondance with data on hygrophilous mode of life of the species (Strazdinya, 1961; Kireev etc., 1981). The zone of moderate damage is restricted to the territory where the onions have economic value, occupying 8.3 % of vegetable cultures areas (Kazakova, 1970); the zone coincides with the areas of cabbage shown on map of T.V. Lizgunova (1965); a vector layer of arable lands of I.E. Koroleva et al. (2003) was also used.Sources of the data:
Barysheva Yu.A., Bruk S.I., Dmitriev A.V., Stroev K.V., Sutormin A.I., Shashko D.I., Yagust S.I. 1992. Zones of vegetation types. In: Geographical Atlas of the USSR. Moscow: Com. Geodesy and cartography of the USSR. 48 pp. (In Russian)Berdysh Yu.I., Grekova O.V., Kireenkova A.E., Shimina V.Z., Rozhentsova O.V., Polukarova M.I., Bogacheva N.I., Khomitskaya L.N., Sasova N.A. 1994. Recommendations for complex protection of agricultural crops from pests, diseases and weeds in Krasnodar Territory for 1994-1999. Krasnodar: Kraistazr "Krasnodarskaya", 133 pp. (In Russian)
Bogacheva V.I. 1964. Dipteran onion pests and their control in Middle Ural. In: Kalashnikov A.P., ed. Proceedings of Ural Institute of Agriculture. Sverdlovsk: UrNIISKh, v. 5: 279-295. (In Russian)
Bundzhe Z.F. 1965. Materials on biology of Chortophila antiqua Meig. in upper Karatal river basin. In: Proceedings of Kazakh Institute of Plant Protection, v. 9: 32-36. (In Russian)
Dely-Draskovits A. 1993. Antomyiidae. In: Soos, A., Papp, L. & Oosterbroeck, P., eds. Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera 13, Budapest: Akademiai Kiado: 11-102.
Dzholova N.G. 1965. Insect pests of vegetable crops in Baikal region. Moscow: Nauka, 80 pp. (In Russian)
El.berg K.Yu. 1981. Antomyiidae. In: Narchuk E.P. & Tryapitsyn V.A., eds. Insects and mites - pests of agricultural plants. V. 4. Hymenoptera and Diptera. Leningrad: Nauka: 188-198. (In Russian)
Galakhov P.N. 1958. Harmful entomofauna of vegetable cultures in the Far North. Vestnik sel.skokhozyaistvennoi nauki 12: 150-151. (In Russian)
Gorodkov K.V. 1992. Biogeographical significance of border between taiga and tundra. In: Rikhter, V.A & Zlobin, V.V., eds. Advantages of entomology in the USSR. Diptera: systematics, ecology, medical and veterinary importance. Leningrad: ZIN, VEO: 22-24. (In Russian)
Gusev G.V. 1959. Insect pests of field and vegetable cultures in Sakhalin. Zoologicheskii zhurnal 38(5): 702-712. (In Russian)
Hill D. 1978. Agricultural insect pests of temperate regions and their control. Cambridge et al.: Cambridge University Press. 650 pp.
Isaev S.I. 1932. Onion pests in Rostov district. II. Hylemyia antiqua Meig. In: News of Leningrad Institute of Pest Control in Agriculture and Forestry. Leningrad, v. 2: 13-58. (In Russian)
Kalandadze L.P., Shavkatsishvili L.D. 1960. Materials on Delia antiqua Meig. in Georgia. In: Proceedings of Institute of Plant Protection. Tbilisi: ASKhN GruzSSR, v. 13: 147-166. (In Georgian, with Russian summary)
Kazakova A.A. 1970. Onion. Leningrad: Kolos, 359 pp. (In Russian)
Kharchenko N.N., Osipov V.G., Kustova A.I. 1975. Pests and diseases of vegetable cultures. In: Dorozhkin, N.A., ed. Plant protection against pests, diseases, and weeds in Byelorussia. Recommendations. Minsk: Urozhai, 223 pp. (in Russian)
Kharin S.A., ed. 1984. Hand-book on pest control of agricultural crops. Alma-Ata: Kainar, 339 pp. (In Russian)
Kireev V.K., Asyakin B.P., Shapiro I.D. 1980. Methodical recommendations on resistance of onions to the onion fly. Leningrad: VIZR, 25 pp. (In Russian)
Koroleva I.E., Vilchevskaya E.V, Rukhovich D.I. 2003. Digital Map of Arable Lands. Moscow: Laboratory of Soil Information of the Dokuchaev Soil Institute (unpublished).
Lizgunova, T.V. 1965. Cabbage. Leningrad: Kolos, 384 p. (in Russian).
Mishchenko A.I. 1957. Insects - pests of agricultural plants in the Far East. Khabarovsk: Khabarovsk Publishing House, 198 pp. (In Russian)
Rogochaya E.G. 1974. Antomyiidae. In: Vasil.ev V.P., ed. Pests of agricultural crops and forest plantations. Kiev: Urozhai, v.2: 540-548. (In Russian)
Savenkov A.N. 1944. Pests and diseases of agricultural plants on Kolyma. In: Aronov V.L., ed., Results of experimental agricultural work in Kolyma Region. Magadan: Sovetskaya Kolym: 136-146. (In Russian)
Shtakel.berg A.A. 1949. Diptera. In: Shtakel.berg A.A., ed. Pest animals if Middle Asia (handbook). Moscow & Leningrad: AN SSSR: 48-57. (In Russian)
Strazdinya A.A. 1961. Ecology of the onion fly and onion bulb fly in conditions of Latvian SSR. In: Fauna of Latvian SSR, Riga, v.3.: 119- 131. (In Russian)
Strazdinya A.A. 1964. Control of the onion fly and onion bulb fly. In: Fauna of Latvian SSR, Riga, v.4: 115- 120. (In Russian)
Tanskii V.I. 1985. Application of economic thresholds for the main pests of the primary agricultural crops (methodical instructions). Leningrad: VIZR, 27 pp. (In Russian)
Tochenov V.V., ed. 1984. Atlas of the USSR. Moscow: GUGK, 260 pp. (In Russian)
Turaev I.S., Sokolova A.G. 1975. Onion Fly in Middle Ural. In: Turaev I.S., ed. Biological and technological bases of agricultural crops yield growth. Proceedings of Sverdlovsk Institute of Agriculture. Perm: Perm SKhI, v. 35: 99-113. (In Russian)
Zalene G. 1962. Dipteran pest control on vegetable cultures. In: Questions of gardening and vegetable growing (newsletter N 8). Vilnius: Lithuanian institute of agriculture: 42-47. (In Russian)
Znamenskaya M.K. 1962. Review of pests of agricultural plants of Murmansk Region. Entomologicheskoe obozrenie 41(2): 310-322. (In Russian)