Pests
Area of distribution and damage of Pieris napi (L.)
Object description Download GIS-layers
Authors:
Object specialists E.I.Ovsyannikova & I.Ya.Grichanov,GIS-specialist M.I.Saulich.
Date of creation:
2.02.2007.Scale:
1:20 000 000.Accuracy of map:
It is created on information taken from the open published literature and maps of scale 1: 33 000 000 . 1: 17 000 000.Projection:
"Alber's Equal Area Conic for the USSR", 9, 1001, 7, 100, 0, 44, 68, 0, 0.Basic content:
Vector map. Area and zone of damage are shown by polygons.Accuracy of the classifier:
The largest part of the territory of the USSR southward of forest-tundra is included in Pieris napi area. Here the zone of low damage is allocated where the pest has economic significance. The biology of P. napi and P. rapae is very close. Therefore, the economic threshold for the latter species have been used. The threshold during the phase of leaf whorl is 10% of populated plants at average caterpillar density of 2-5 individuals per plant, and during the phase of head setting it is 15% of the populated plants at average density of 1-2 caterpillars per plant (Sazonov et al., 1991). Generally, it is counted with other pierids and other lepidopteran pests of cruciferous cultures in the majority of regions.Method of map production:
The map is compiled by results of the analysis of the open published materials and maps. The P. napi area in the territory of the USSR is shown for all subspecies (5 to 7) and forms with uncertain taxonomic position. The species lives in Baltic States, Byelorussia, Moldova, Ukraine, the Caucasus, Transcaucasia, in mountain areas of Middle Asia and Kazakhstan (except for high mountains), in Northern Kazakhstan. In Russia, it is distributed everywhere (except for tundra and mountain tundra; being a migrant species in forest-tundra); i.e., in the European part (except for extreme southeast), the Urals, Siberia (except for the north of Eastern Siberia), the Far East (including Sakhalin, the south of Kamchatka and Magadan Regions, and Kurile Islands). Northern border of P. napi area is drawn along border of forest-tundra and taiga (after Vorob.eva, 1986) that corresponds to the published materials (Yakhontov, 1953; Znamenskaya, 1962; Kurentsov, 1970; Nekrutenko, 1974; Sedykh, 1974; Charushina & Shernin, 1974; Korshunov, 1985; Kutenkova, 1986; Lukhtanov & Lukhtanov, 1994; L.vovskii, 1999; Tatarinov, 2001; Yanovskii, 2002; Dubatolov, 2005; Chernov & Tatarinov, 2006; etc.). Deserts and high mountains of Central Asia and Kazakhstan are excluded from the area. In forest-tundra, the species is a migrant; therefore, this zone is also excluded from the area. The zone of damage is allocated after the data of authors of the applied literature (see Reference citations), being restricted to the European part (southward to the Northern Caucasus), Western Siberia, and Northern Kazakhstan, and being corrected according with a map of cabbage cultivation (Terekhina, 2004).Reference citations:
Charushina A.N. & Shernin A.I. 1974. Order Lepidoptera. In: Shernin A.I., ed. Fauna of the Kirov Region, V. 2. Kirov: Kirov GPI: 351-477 (in Russian).Chernov Yu.I. & Tatarinov A.G. 2006. Rhopalocera (Lepidoptera) in fauna of Arctic regions. Zoologicheskii zhurnal 85(10): 1205-1229 (in Russian).
Chikov P.S., ed. 1983. Atlas of areas and resources of herbs of the USSR. Moscow: GUGK, 340 p. (in Russian).
Dubatolov V.V., Strel.tsov A.N. & Sergeev M.G. 2005. Family Pieridae. In: Ler P.A., ed. Keys to insects of the Far East of the USSR. V. 5. Trichoptera and Lepidoptera. Part 5. Vladivostok: Dal.nauka, p. 207-234 (in Russian).
Ermolenko V.M. 1984. Atlas of insect pests of field crops. Kiev: Urozhai, 128 p. (in Ukrainian).
Gornostaev G.N. 1970. Insects of the SSSR. Moscow: Mysl., 372 p. (in Russian).
Korb S.K. 2005. A catalogue of butterflies of the ex-USSR, with remarks on systematics and nomenclature (Leridoptera, Rhopalocera). Nizhny Novgorod: Korb Publisher, 158 p.
Korshunov Yu.P. 1974. Rhopalocera (Lepidoptera) of Polar circle in Western Siberia. In: Kerzhner I.M., ed. Materials of 7th congress of VEO. P. 1. Leningrad: VEO, ZIN, p. 57- 58 (in Russian).
Korshunov Yu.P. 1985. Rhopalocera (Lepidoptera) of the Western-Siberian plain. In: Zolotarenko G.S., ed. Spiders and insects of Siberia. Interuniversity collection of proceedings. Novosibirsk: NGPI, 148 p. (in Russian).
Korshunov Yu.P. 2002. Ropalocerous Lepidoptrans of northern Asia. Moscow: KMK, 424 p. (in Russian).
Kullberg J., Albrecht A., Kaila L.,Varis V. 2001. Checklist of Finnish Lepidoptera - Suomen perhosten luettelo. Sahlbergia (Helsinki) 6(2): 1-190.
Kurentsov A.I. 1970. Keys to Rhopalocera of the Far East of the USSR. Leningrad: Nauka, 164 p. (in Russian).
Kutenkova N.N. 1986b. Lepidoptera of the nature reserve Kivach. In: Yakovlev E.B. & Uzenbaev S.D., eds. Fauna and ecology of Karelian invertebrates. Petrozavodsk: Karelian branch AN SSSR, p. 123-158 (in Russian).
L.vovskii A.L. 1999. Pieridae. In: Kuznetsov V.I., ed. Insects and mites . pests of agricultural plants. V. 3(2). Lepidoptera. St.Petersburg: Nauka: 233-242. (in Russian).
Lukhtanov V. & Lukhtanov A. 1994. Die Tagfalter Nordwestasiens (Lepidoptera, Diurna). Herbipoliana. Buchreihe zur lepidopterologie. Band 3. Herausgeber: Dr. Ulf Eitschberger, Marktleuthen, 440 p.
Nekrutenko Yu.P. 1974. Pieridae. In: Vasil.ev V.P., ed. Pests of agricultural crops and forest plantations. V.2. Arthropods. Kiev: Urozhai: 411-414 (in Russian).
Nekrutenko Yu.P. 1985. Keys to Rhopalocera of the Crimea. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 151 p. (in Russian).
Sazonov A.P., Burov V.N., Sundukova N.E., Mokrousova E.P., Kolesova D.A., Zolotov L.A., Voinyak V.I., Pristavko V.P., Chernii A.M., Petrushova N.I., Medvedeva G.M., Matvievskii A.S., Maksimova V.I., Atanov N.M. & Gummel R.M. 1991.Technology of practical application of biologically active compounds in the IPM on fruit and vegetable cultures against pests (recommendations). Moscow: VASKHNIL, 32 p. (in Russian).
Sedykh K.F. 1974. Animal world of Komi ASSR. Invertebrates. Syktyvkar: Komi Publishing House, 189 p. (in Russian).
Tatarinov A. 2001. Biodiversity of Rhopalocera (Lepidoptera, Diurna) of Maldy-Nyrd Range (Polar Ural, National park "Yugyd Va"). Syktyvkar: http://ib.komisc.ru (in Russian).
Terekhina N.V. 2004. Brassica oleracea L. convar capitata L. Http://www.agroatlas.ru/cultural/cultural.htm.
Tshikolovets V.V. 1998. The butterflies of Turkmenistan (ed. Yur.P. Nekrutenko). Brno-Kiev: Tshikolovets Publisher, 237 p.
Tshikolovets V.V. 2003. The butterflies of Tajikistan (ed. Yur.P. Nekrutenko). Brno-Kiev: Tshikolovets Publisher, 500 p.
Tshikolovets V.V. 2005. The butterflies of Kyrgyzstan (ed. Yur.P. Nekrutenko). Brno-Kiev: Tshikolovets Publisher, 512 p.
Vorobeva, G.I. (ed.). 1986. The forest encyclopedia. V.2. Moscow: Soviet encyclopedia, 631 p.
Voskresenskii N.M. 1960. Pests of agricultural crops, warehouses and forest plantations of Kurgan Region from the order Lepidoptera. In: Gavrilov N.V., ed. Collection of scientific works. Fifth Release. Agronomical. Kurgan: Kurganskii SKHI, p. 135. (in Russian).
Yakhontov V.V. 1953. Pests of agricultural plants and products of Central Asia and their control. Tashkent: State Publishing House UzSSR, 663 p. (in Russian).
Yanovskii V.M. 2002. To the fauna of forest insects in Achinsk forest-steppes (Krasnoyarsk Territory). In: Baranchikov, Yu.I. & Petrenko, E.S. Entomological researches in Siberia. Iss. 2. Krasnoyarsk: Krasnoyarsk branch REO, p. 120 -130 (in Russian).
Znamenskaya M.K. 1962. Review of pests of agricultural plants of Murmansk Region. Entomologicheskoe obozrenie 41(2): 310-322 (in Russian).