Pests
The area and zones of pest harm of Shizaphis graminum Rond.
Object description Download GIS-layers
Authors:
Specialist-biologist - M.N. Berim, GIS-specialist - M.I. Saulich.Date of creation:
28.06.2003.Scale:
1:20 000 000.Accuracy of map:
Created using maps of natural scale 1:40 000 000.Projection:
"Alber's Equal Area Conic", 9, 1001, 7, 100, 0, 44, 68, 0, 0.Basic contents:
Vector map is composed of 3 thematic layers. Zones of distribution and harmfulness are shown by polygons.Accuracy of the classifier:
Species distribution and zones of pest activity have been defined through an analysis of published materials. Boundaries defining pest activity are according to criteria proposed by Berim and Radchenko (2002), and Radchenko (1991). Three zones of pest activity were determined. Zone 1 is characterized by low activity, where 30% or less of the territory is infested by only small colonies (3-5 aphids)on 2-3 lower leaves. Zone 2 is characterized by a moderate level of activity, where 30-50% of the territory is infested with 10-15 aphids on 50% of the leaves, to greater than 20 aphids covering 2/3 of all leaves. Zone 3 is characterized by high activity, where 50-100% of the territory is infested by greater than 20 aphids covering 2/3 or all of plant leaves.Method of map production:
Scientists were given maps with boundaries of Oblasts and arable lands. After reviewing historic literature, species distribution was hand drawn on maps. If data were on the Oblast-level, distribution is on the Oblast level. In some cases, Oblast's are further refined by boundaries of the Arable Land Map (Koroljeva et al., 2003). Hand drawn maps were scanned, georeferenced and vectorized.Reference citations:
Berim M.N., Radchenko E.E. 2002. The methods of estimation and identification of cereal aphids. Methodical recommendations. Moscow. 3-21 pp.Bozhko M.P. 1950. On the fauna of aphids of Kharkov and Sumy Regions. The Scientific Works of the Khar'kov State University. V.14-15: 184-187.
Ivanovskaya O.I. 1977. Aphids of West Siberia. Part II, Novosibirsk: Nauka. 34-35 pp.
Kann A.A., Ibraimova K.I., Yukhnevich L.A. 1976. Cereal aphids and its distribution in the Middle Asia and Kazakhstan. Enotmological Research of Kirgiz. Frunze: Ilym. 44-46 pp.
Koroljeva, I.E., Vilchevskaya, E.V., Ruhovich, D.I. 2003. Digital Arable Land Map. Laboratory of Soil Information of the Dokuchaev Soil Institute, Moscow.
Moroshkina O.S. 1930. Spring grain aphid (Toxoptera graminum Rond.)(Biology, ecology, test of control treatments). Rostov-on-Don. 60 pp.
Polyakov I.Ya., ed. 1975. Distribution of main pests of agricultural crops in the USSR and efficiency of their control (Methodical recommendations). Leningrad: VASKHNIL, VIZR. 66 pp.
Radchenko E.E. 1991. The study of resistant grain cultures to aphids (Methodical recommendations). Saint Petersburg: VIZR. 4-5 pp.
Shaposhnikov G.H. 1964. Suborder Aphidinea-aphids. Keys to insects of the European part of the Soviet Union. Moscow-Leningrad: Nauka. V.1: 489-616.
Vasiljev V.P., ed. 1973. Pests of agricultural crops and forest plantations. Kiev: Urozhai. V.1: 274-275.