Pests

Area of distribution and damage of Spilonota albicana Motschulsky

Object description Download GIS-layers

Authors:

Object specialists E.I.Ovsyannikova & I.Ya.Grichanov,
GIS-specialist M.I.Saulich.

Date of creation:

25.04.2006.

Scale:

1:20 000 000

Accuracy of map:

It is created on information taken from the open-published literature and maps of scale 1:

Projection:

"Alber's Equal Area Conic for the USSR", 9, 1001, 7, 100, 0, 44, 68, 0, 0.

Basic content:

Vector map consisting of 3 layers. Area and zones of damage are shown by polygons.

Accuracy of the classifier:

Within the limits of general area on the territory of the former USSR, zones of low and high damage are allocated. There were no special researches on economic threshold of the pest harming activity. The similarity in biology and ecology of S. albicana and Cydia pomonella gives possibility to propose the following economic threshold for for the former species: 20-25 caterpillars per trunk before bud blossoming in fruit crops; 10 % damaged ovaries at the end of flowering and at formation of ovaries; 2-5 eggs per 100 fruits in phase of fruit formation; 2-5% damaged fruits from formation of ovaries to the end of a season (Kalinkin et al., 2003; Dolzhenko, 2004). In some districts of Primorskii Territory, S. albicana destroyed to 77-85% of yield of large-fruited apple varieties (Sytenko, 1960; Danilevskii, 1958; Kuznetsov, 1976; etc.). The zone of high damage is here allocated.

Method of map production:

The map is compiled by results of the analysis of the open published materials. The species area and zones of damage are outlined according to reference and original data (Danilevskii, 1958; Gibanov & Sanin, 1971; Shtundyuk & Ablakatova, 1969; Kuznetsov, 1976, 1994, 2001; Ermolaev, 1988; et al.). Transbaikalia was mentioned for the species area by Danilevskii (1958, as Tmetocera prognathana), being included by Kuznetsov in the subsequent handbooks and keys (Kuznetsov, 1994, 2001). Nevertheless, original materials from this region have not been published and it is not included into the map. In the Far East, S. albicana is known in gardens, parks and deciduous forests of the Amur Region, Khabarovsk and Primorskii Territories (Danilevskii, 1958, Shtundyuk & Ablakatova, 1969; Kuznetsov, 1976; etc.) Here the area is drawn after actual sporadic distribution records, being corrected along northern border of distribution of deciduous and mixed forests (Chikov et al., 1976). The zones of low damage (in the Amur Region and Khabarovsk Territory) and high one (in Primorskii Territory) are corrected along the areas of industrial cultivation of fruit crops (Tochenov, 1984 and N.V.Terekhina's vector map, 2005).

Reference citations:

Chikov, P.S., ed. 1983. Atlas of areas and resources of herbs of the USSR. Moscow: GUGK, 340 p. (in Russian).
Danilevskii A.S. 1958. On species composition of Carposinidae (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae), orchard pests in the Far East. Entomologicheskoe obozrenie 37(2): 283-295 (in Russian).
Dolzhenko, V.I., ed. 2004. Methodical instructions on registration tests of insecticides, acaricides, molluscicides, and rodenticides in agriculture. St.Petersburg: VIZR, 363 p. (in Russian).
Ermolaev, V.P. 1988. Tortricidae. In: Kirpichnikova, V.A., Ler, P.A., eds. Butterflies - pests of agriculture in the Far East. Keys. Vladivostok: Biology and Soil Institute, DO AN SSSR: 65-99 (in Russian).
Gibanov P.K., Sanin Yu.V. 1971. Lepidoptera pests of fruits in Primorskii Territory. Zashchita rastenii 8: 41-43 (in Russian).
Kalinkin, V.M., Maslak, A.A., Grichanov, I.Ya. 2003. A planning and analysis of experiment with an estimation of efficiency of isecticides against lepidopteran pests of orchards. In: Ratsional.noe prirodopol.zovanie i sel.skokhozyaistvennoe proizvodstvo v yuzhnykh regionakh Rossiiskoi Federatsii. Moscow: Sovremennye tetradi, p.467-476 (in Russian).
Kuznetsov, V.I. 1976. Leafrollers of the tribe Eucosmini (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae ) of the South of the Far East. In: Skarlato, O.A., ed. Herbivorous insects of the Far East. Trudy ZIN, vol. 42. Leningrad: ZIN, p. 70-109 (in Russian).
Kuznetsov, V.I. 1994. Family Tortricidae. In: Kuznetsov, V.I., ed. Insects and mites - pests of agricultural plants. V. 3(1). Lepidoptera. St.Petersburg: Nauka, p. 51-234 (in Russian).
Kuznetsov, V.I. 2001. Family Tortricidae (Olethreutidae). In: Ler, P.A., ed. Keys to the insects if the Russian Far East. V. 5(3). Trichoptera and Lepidoptera. Vladivostok: Dal.nauka, p. 11-472 (in Russian).
Shtundyuk, A.V., Ablakanova, A.A. 1969. Pests and diseases of fruit-berry cultures and vines in the Far East and their control. Khabarovsk: Khabarovsk Publishing House, 140 p. (in Russian).
Sytenko, L.S. 1960. To species composition of fruit pests and their parasites in Primorskii Territory. Entomologicheskoe obozrenie 39(3): 551-555 (in Russian).
Tochenov, V.V., ed. 1984. Atlas of the USSR. Moscow: GUGK, 260 p. (in Russian).

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