Weeds
Area of distribution and weediness of Cynodon dactylon (L.)Pers
Object description Download GIS-layers
Authors:
Object specialist N.N. Luneva,GIS-specialist I.A. Budrevskaya
Date of creation:
20.12.2004.Scale:
1:20 000 000.Accuracy of map:
Map was created based on information taken from open-published literature and maps of scale 1: 5 000 000 - 1: 100 000 000.Projection:
"Alber's Equal Area Conic for the USSR", 9, 1001, 7, 100, 0, 44, 68, 0, 0.Basic contents:
Vector map. Area of species distribution is shown by polygons and sporadic distribution by points. Zones of weediness are shown by polygons.Accuracy of classifier:
The weed area is subdivided into two zones, one representing species distribution, and the second where the weed is considered a serious pest. Points represent locations where sporadic occurrence has been reported. The zone of weediness was allocated according to criteria of occurrence (% of fields where this species is found) and abundance (Tanskii et al., 1998), i.e., where the occurrence of this species exceeded 50% with its field abundance (projective cover) being more than 15%.Method of map production:
Published literature was reviewed, including Atlases, monographs and papers. Occurrence data were obtained from herbarium specimens, floras, monographs and papers. A map of C. dactylon distribution in Russia taken from Volkov (1935) was used as a prototype; it was adjusted according to the following literature data on the species distribution in Russia: Ulyanova (1981), Nikitin (1983), Tsvelev (1976), Shishkin (1963). The zone of main distribution in European Russia and adjacent CIS countries was adjusted with and supported by the following references: Maevskii (1954), Taliev (1935), Geideman (1954), Melnichuk (1972), Rubtsov (1972), Baranova et al. (1992), Grinko et al. (1987). The species distribution in the North Caucasus and Transcaucasia was also confirmed by the following references: Galushko (1978), Grossgeim (1939), Kornilova (1981), Gevorkyan (1981), Sevumyan (1978). The species distribution in the arable lands of Middle Asia was confirmed by the following literature data: Kornilova (1957), Pavlov (1956), Abdullaev (1975), Burygin & Dzhangurazov (1975), Vasilchenko & Pidotti (1975), Dzhangurazov & Loi (1975), Nikitin & Geldikhanov (1988), Ulyanova (1989). The zone of weediness was defined according to Nikitin (1983) and adjusted according to data on the weed occurrence, abundance, or harming ability taken from below references (except for Keys and Floras), also slightly corrected according to the map of agricultural lands, first of all vegetable cultures. Sporadic distribution areas were indicated based on herbarium data.Data were then compiled through scanning and geo-referencing to develop a composite vector map. The biologist, together with the GIS specialist, drew a composite weed distribution area based on compiled data.Reference citations:
Abdullaev A.A. 1975. Weed plants in maize of the Khorezm region and their control. Weed vegetation of the irrigated lands of Central Asia. Proceedings of Tashkent agricultural institute. Tashkent: Tashkent agricultural institute. 25-30 p. (In Russian)Baranova O.G., Ilminskikh N.G., Puzyrev A.N., Tuganaev V.V. 1992. The synopsis of flora of Udmurtia. Izhevsk: Udmurtian Univ. 140 p. (In Russian)
Burygin V.A., Dzhangurazov F.H. 1975. Weed vegetation of the irrigated lands of Uzbekistan and biological bases of its control. In: Belov A.I., Burygin V.A., Kamilova F.G., eds. Weed vegetation of the irrigated lands of Central Asia. Proceedings of Tashkent agricultural institute. Tashkent: Tashkent agricultural institute. 1-7 p. (In Russian)
Dzhangurazov F.H., Loi N.P. 1975. Weed plants in cotton of the Surkhan-Darya Region. In: Belov A.I., Burygin V.A., Kamilova F.G., eds. Weed vegetation of the irrigated lands of Central Asia. Proceedings of Tashkent Agricultural Institute. Issue 43. Tashkent: Tashkent agricultural institute. 16-24 p. (In Russian)
Galushko, A.I. 1978. Flora of the Northern Caucasus. V. 1. Rostov-na-Donu: Rostov University. 316 p. (In Russian)
Geideman T.S. 1954. Keys to plants of Moldavian SSR. Moscow-Leningrad: Nauka. 468 p. (In Russian)
Gevorkyan A.K. 1981. Weed plants of apricot orchards in foothills of Ararat Valley and development of chemical method of their control. PhD Thesis. Erevan: Armenian Agricultural Institute. 18 p. (In Russian)
Grinko N.I., Titov A.Kh., Kvartin V.N., Semernikova A.I., Lapchenkov G.Ya., Dyatlenko V.A. 1987. Weed plants and their control in the Rostov Region. Manual. Persianovka: Donskoi SKHI. 102 p. (In Russian)
Grossgeim A.A. 1939. Flora of the Caucasus. V. 1. Baku: AzFAN. 402 p. (In Russian)
Kornilova E.N. 1981. Influence of intensification in agriculture on change of weediness of winter grain crops. Problems of protection of agricultural crops against harmful organisms under intensive agriculture. Collection of works. Leningrad: VIZR. 48-51 p. (In Russian)
Kornilova V.S. 1957. Weediness of grain and commercial crops in Southern Kazakhstan. Uchenye zapiski. V. 29. Biologiya i pochvovedenie. Alma-Ata: Kazakhstan State University. 65-81 p. (In Russian)
Maevskii, P.F. 1954. Flora of middle belt of the European part of the USSR. Moscow-Leningrad: Selkhozgiz. 912 p. (In Russian)
Magomedi B.R. 1982. Weeds of grain agrocenoses in foothills of the Lesser Caucasus (within Azerbaijan). In: Aliev D.A. Izvestiya AN AzSSSR, biology, Issue 5. Baku: Elm. 135-141 p. (In Russian)
Melnichuk O.S., Kovalivska G.M. 1972. Atlas of the most widespread weeds of the Ukraine. Kiev: Urozhai. 204 p. (In Ukrainian)
Nikitin V.V., Geldikhanov A.M. 1988. Keys to plants of Turkmenistan. Leningrad: Nauka. 670 p. (In Russian)
Nikitin V.V. 1983. Weeds in the flora of the USSR. Leningrad: Nauka. 454 p. (In Russian)
Pavlov, N.V., ed. 1956. Flora of Kazakhstan. V. 1. Alma-Ata: AN Kaz. SSR. 754 p. (In Russian)
Rubtsov N.I., ed. 1972. Keys to higher plants of the Crimea. Leningrad: Nauka. 552 p. (In Russian)
Sevumyan M.A. 1978. Weed plants of vineyard in foothills of Ararat Valley and development of chemical method of their control. PhD Thesis. Alma-Ata: Kazakh agricultural institute. 27 p. (In Russian)
Shishkin B.K., ed. 1963. Botanical atlas. Moscow-Leningrad: Selkhozgiz. 504 p. (In Russian)
Taliev V.I. 1935. Keys to higher plants of the European part of the USSSR. Moscow: State Publishing House of Kolkhoz and Sovkhoz Literature. 648 p. (In Russian)
Tsvelev N.N. 1976. Cereals of the USSR. Leningrad: Nauka. 788 p. (In Russian)
Ulyanova T.N. 1981. Weed plants in wheat of the USSR. In: Korovina O.N., ed. Catalogue of VIR world collection. N. 320. Leningrad: VIR. 68 p. (In Russian)
Ulyanova T.N. 1989. Field weed plants of cotton in the USSR. In: Agaev M.G., ed. Catalogue of VIR world collection. N. 499. Leningrad: VIR. 15, 40 p. (In Russian)
Vasilchenko I.T., Pidotti O.A. 1975. Keys to weed plants of areas of irrigated agriculture. Leningrad: Kolos. 375 p. (In Russian)
Volkov A.N., ed. 1935. Areas of distribution of the major weed plants in the USSR. Moscow-Leningrad: State Publishing House of Kolkhoz and Sovkhoz Literature. 152 p. (In Russian)